Pharmacogenomics (PGx) in Athens
DNA analysis to support the selection of the most appropriate psychiatric medication. Assessment of CYP2D6, CYP2C19, FKBP5, DRD3 and other markers — fewer trials, less waiting.
The right medication, at the right dose, from the beginning — based on your own genetic profile.
What is pharmacogenomics?
Pharmacogenomics — PGx — is the science that studies how your genes affect the way your body metabolizes medications. Two people with the same diagnosis may respond completely differently to the same medication: one may respond very well, while the other may feel no difference or experience strong side effects. The cause is often not the diagnosis or the dose. It is the genetic profile.
Which genes are assessed?
The main genes analyzed in psychiatric PGx include:
- CYP2D6: Metabolism of antidepressants and antipsychotics. The phenotype — poor, intermediate, normal or ultra-rapid metabolizer — determines how much medication ultimately reaches the brain.
- CYP2C19: Metabolism of SSRIs and certain benzodiazepines. Poor metabolizers may accumulate medication even at standard doses, leading to side effects often wrongly attributed to the medication itself.
- FKBP5: Regulates the stress axis — HPA axis. Certain polymorphisms are associated with increased sensitivity to trauma and different responses to antidepressants.
- DRD3: Dopamine receptor. Influences response to antipsychotics and is associated with predisposition to addictive behaviours.
When is PGx analysis indicated?
Genetic analysis is particularly useful when:
- You have tried two or more medications without satisfactory results
- You experience unusually intense side effects at standard doses
- You are starting a new medication and want to reduce the time needed to identify the most suitable option
- You take multiple medications and there is concern about interactions
- You have treatment-resistant depression or another resistant psychiatric condition
How the test is performed
PGx analysis is simple and painless.
- Step 1: Sample collection — usually buccal swab. No special fasting is required, but for one hour prior, no smoking, food, or water.
- Step 2: Shipment to a specialized analysis laboratory.
- Step 3: Results are usually received within 7–14 days.
- Step 4: Interpretation session — the most important step. Genetic results without clinical interpretation have limited value. At this stage we design the treatment plan based on the findings.
FAQ
Does PGx guarantee that the medication will work?
No. No test can guarantee outcome. PGx can significantly reduce the time and number of trials needed, but the clinical picture always remains the main guide.
Is it covered by insurance?
In Greece, PGx analysis is half-reimbursed by EOPYY. Regarding private insurance plans, it is advisable to contact your insurance provider. We can inform you before testing.
Does the test need to be repeated?
No. Your genetic profile does not change. The test is performed once in your lifetime and the results apply to future medication decisions.
Can PGx also be used for non-psychiatric medications?
Yes. Several genetic markers also concern cardiology medications, analgesics and antiplatelet drugs. In our collaboration, we focus on psychiatric medications, but the result can also be shared with your other physicians.
Psychiatric precision — what it means to me
“Precision Psychiatry” is not marketing. It is the direction already followed by international psychiatric research: moving from the statistical majority to the specific patient. PGx is one of the most mature tools in this direction.
